Physics

 

• NLM-1 :

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• NLM-2 :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(5,5)\put(1,1){\framebox(1,1){\sf{M}}}\put(2,1.5){\vector(1,0){2.1}}\put(4.4,1.4){\bf{F}}\put(0.5,1){\line(1,0){4.5}}\multiput(0.6,1)(0.22,0){20}{\qbezier(0,0)(-0.1,-0.1)(-0.2,-0.2)}\end{picture}

• Height to Ground Projectile :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\linethickness{0.4mm}\qbezier(0,5)(5,4.5)(5,0)\qbezier(0,5)(0,5)(5,0)\put(0,0){\line(0,1){5}}\put(-1,0){\line(1,0){7}}\put(0,5){\vector(1,0){3.5}}\multiput(-0.5,0)(0.5,0){13}{\qbezier(0,0)(0,0)(-0.3,-0.3)}\put(-1,2.5){\bf{H}}\put(4,4.9){$\bf{u = u_x}$}\put(2.3,-1){\bf{R}}\qbezier(4.3,0)(4.2,0.3)(4.5,0.5)\put(3.5,0.3){$\bf \Theta$}\end{picture}

• Vector Addition :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\put(0,0){\vector(1,0){4}}\put(0,0){\vector(2,3){2}}\put(0,0){\vector(2,1){4}}\put(4.2,-0.1){$\large\vec{A}$}\put(2,3.2){$\large\vec{B}$}\put(4.2,2){$\large\vec{R}$}\end{picture}

• Vectors :

\setlength{\unitlength}{2.4mm}\begin{picture}(8,2)\thicklines\put(1,2){\vector(0,2){10}}\put(1,1){\vector(0,-2){10}}\put(2,1.5){\vector(2,0){10}}\put(0,1.5){\vector(-2,0){10}}\put(1.7,2){\vector(1,1){8}}\put(.3,1){\vector(-1,-1){8}}\put(.5,2){\vector(-1,1){8}}\put(1.8,1){\vector(1,-1){8}}\put(.5,-11){\sf S}\put(.5,13){\sf N}\put(-11.5,1){\sf W}\put(12.5,1){\sf E}\put( -10,10){\sf NW}\put(-9,-9){\sf SW}\put(10,10){\sf NE}\put(10,-9){\sf SE}\end{picture}

• Electric Charge :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\thicklines\begin{picture}(10,6)\put(1,1){\vector(-1,0){3}} \put(1,1){\vector(1,0){3}}\put(-1.5,1){\circle*{0.1}}\put(1.5,1){\circle*{0.1}}\put(3.5,1){\circle*{0.1}}\put(-1.5,2){\line(0,1){0.3}}\put(-1.5,2.15){\line(1,0){3}}\put(1.5,2){\line(0,1){0.3}}\put(-1.5,-0.5){\line(0,1){0.3}}\put(-1.5,-0.35){\line(1,0){5}}\put(3.5,-0.5){\line(0,1){0.3}}\put(-1.6,0.5){\sf A}\put(1.35,0.5){\sf B}\put(3.4,0.5){\sf C}\put(-0.2,1.7){\sf x\;cm}\put(0.5,-0.9){\sf y\ cm}\put(-1.6,1.4){$\sf q_1$}\put(3.4,1.4){$\sf q_2$}\end{picture}

• Force & Acceleration :

\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\put(0,0){\line(3,0){3cm}}\multiput(1,0)(1,0){14}{\qbezier(0,0)(-0.4,-0.4)(-0.9,-0.9)}\put(4,0){\line(0,3){0.6cm}}\put(10,0){\line(0,3){0.6cm}}\put(4,3){\line(3,0){1.2cm}}\put(6,1){$\sf m_1 $}\put(2,5){$\sf\xrightarrow{Acceleration}$}\put(-3,1){$\xrightarrow{\sf Force\quad}$}\end{picture}

• Free Fall :

\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\put(3,6){\circle{3}}\put(2.9,4.5){\vector(0,-3){2cm}}\put(-3.9,-10){\line(3,0){3cm}}\multiput(-3.5,-10)(0.8,0){18}{\line(1,-2){2mm}}\put(-3.7,0){$\sf\footnotesize 9.8 ms^{-2}$}\put(6,0){\vector(0,3){1.2cm}}\put(5.5,6){\line(3,0){2mm}}\put(5,-1.2){\sf\footnotesize height}\put(6,-2){\vector(0,-3){1.2cm}}\put(5.5,-8){\line(1,0){2mm}}\end{picture}

• Pulley system :

\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\linethickness{0.4mm}\put(0,0){\line(3,0){4cm}}\put(10,0){\line(0,-3){0.8cm}}\put(10,-7.2){\thicklines\circle{6}}\multiput(6.9,-8)(6.2,0){2}{\line(0,-3){2cm}}\put(6.9,-16){\line(0,-3){1cm}}\put(5.2,-22.3){\boxed{\Huge\sf m_1}}\put(11.5,-19.3){\boxed{\Huge\sf m_2}}\multiput(1,0)(1,0){19}{\qbezier(0,0)(0.4,0.4)(0.9,0.9)}\end{picture} 

• Force & Displacement :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1.5cm}\begin{picture}\linethickness{0.4mm}\put(9.4,2){\bf\large M}\put(8,1){\line(1,0){4}}\put(8,1){\line(0,2){2}}\put(11,1){\line(0,3){2}}\put(8,3){\line(3,0){3}}\put(7,1){\line(1,0){4}}\put(9.5,0.8){\line(0,2){1}}\put(9.5, 1){\vector(0,- 2){1}}\put(10.5,3.6){\vector(1,0){1}}\put(11.7,3.5){\sf\large S}\multiput(6.9,0.6)(0.2,0){24}{\qbezier(0.4,0.4)(0.1,0.1)(0.1,0.1)}\put(9.3, - 0.4){\sf\large Mg}\end{picture}

• Normal Reaction & Weight :

\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm}\begin{picture}(0,0) \linethickness{0.4mm}\put(0,0){\line(3,0){4.5cm}}\put(4,0.7){\large\boxed{\;\sf\small X\;}}\put(14,0.7){\large\boxed{\;\sf \small Y\;}}\put(6,0){\thicklines\vector(0,-3){0.6cm}}\put(16,0){\thicklines\vector(0,-3){0.6cm}}\put(14.5,-4){\sf m_2 \sf g $}\put(4.5,-4){\sf m_1\sf g $}\put(6,2.8){\thicklines\vector(0,3){0.6cm}}\put(5.4,6.3){\sf N_1 $}\put(16,2.8){\thicklines\vector(0,3){0.6cm}}\put(15.2,6.3){\sf N_2 $}\end{picture}

• Chemistry :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\put(1,1){\large\bf Na}\put(1.35,1.6){\circle*{0.1}}\put(2,1){$+$}\put(3,1){\large\bf Cl}\multiput(3,1.5)(0.3,0){2}{$\times$}\multiput(3,0.6)(0.3,0){2}{$\times$}\multiput(3.7,1)(0,0.3){2}{$\times$}\put(2.6,0.9){$\times$}\qbezier(1.4,1.75)(2,3)(2.7,1.4)\qbezier(2.7,1.4)(2.7,1.4)(2.8,1.6)\qbezier(2.7,1.4)(2.7,1.4)(2.5,1.5)\put(4.3,1.25){\vector(1,0){1}}\put(5.5,1.1){$\large\bf [Na^+]$}\put(7.5,1.1){$\large\bf Cl$}\multiput(7.4,1.6)(0.3,0){2}{$\times$}\multiput(7.4,0.7)(0.3,0){2}{$\times$}\multiput(8.1,1)(0,0.3){2}{$\times$}\multiput(7.1,1)(0,0.3){1}{$\times$}\put(6.8,1.1){$\Bigg[$}\put(8.5,1.1){$\Bigg]^-$}\put(7.25,1.5){\circle*{0.15}}\end{picture}

• Dispersion of Light :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm} \begin{picture}(1,0) \thicklines\qbezier(0,0)(0,0)(2,2)\qbezier(0,0)(0,0)(4,0)\qbezier(4,0)(2,2)(2,2)\put( - 0.29, 0.45){\line(2,1){1.6}}\put( - 0.29, 0.45){\vector(2, 1){1}}\put(1.2, 1.26){\line(1, 0){1.5}}\put( 1.2, 1.26){\vector(1, 0){0.9}}\put(2.7, 1.26){\line(1, 0){2.5}}\put(2.75,1.25 ){\line(6, -1){2.5}} \put(2.75,1.25 ){\line(5,-2){2.5}} \put(2.75,1.25 ){\line(4,-1){2.5}}\put(2.75,1.25 ){\line(3,-2){2.5}}\put(2.75,1.25 ){\line(5, - 3){2.5}}\put(2.75,1.25 ){\line(5,-4){2.5}}\put(5.5, -1.4 ){\line(0,1){3}}\put(7.2, -1.4 ){\line(0,1){3}} \put(5.7, 1.2 ){ $\bf Red$}\put(5.7, 0.8 ){ $\bf Orange$}\put(5.7, 0.4 ){ $\bf Yellow$}\put(5.7, 0){ $\bf Green$}\put(5.7, - 0.4 ){ $\bf Blue$}\put(5.7, - 0.8){ $\bf Indigo$}\put(5.7, - 1.2 ){ $\bf Violet $}\end{picture}

• Complex Diagram :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1.2mm}\begin{picture}(8,2)\thicklines\put(15,6){\line(0,1){50}}\multiput(15,6)(0,1.5){33}{\line(1,2){1.8}}\put(12,30){\vector( - 4,0){65}}\put(12,30){\vector(4, - 0){0.3}} \put( -55,6){\line(0,1){50}}\multiput( - 56.8,4.8)(0,1.5){33}{\line(1,2){1.8}} \qbezier( -8,30)( -8 ,30)(15,55)\qbezier( -35,30)( - 35 ,30)( - 55,55)\put( - 8, 30){\vector(0,1){22}}\put( - 35, 30){\vector(0,1){22}}\put( - 20, 30){\vector(0, - 1){15}}\put( - 22,28){\vector( - 1,0){11.5}}\put( - 22,28){\vector(1,0){1}}\qbezier( - 4,34)( - 6,36)( - 8,34)\qbezier( - 35,34)( -35,35)( - 38,34)\qbezier( - 55,50)( -53,48)( - 52,52)\qbezier(15,50)(12,48)(12,52)\put( - 29,25){ \sf{d}}\put( - 19,16){ \sf{w}}\put( - 49,26){ \sf{$ \sf T_1 Sin\:37^\circ$}}\put( - 2,26){ \sf{$ \sf T_2 Sin\:53^\circ$}}\put( - 54.5,47){ \sf{$ \sf 37^\circ$}}\put( 10,47){ \sf{$ \sf 53^\circ$}}\put( - 39.5,36){ \sf{$ \sf 37^\circ$}}\put( -7.9,36){ \sf{$ \sf 53^\circ$}}\put( - 40,54){ \sf{$ \sf T_1 cos\:37^\circ$}}\put( -13,54){ \sf{$ \sf T_1 cos \: 53^\circ$}}\end{picture}

• Wave Optics :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1.2mm}\begin{picture}(8,2)\thicklines\put(1,15){\line(0,1){12}}\put(1,33){\line(0,1){12}}\put(60,6){\line(0,1){50}}\multiput(1,30)(3,0){20}{\line(2,0){1.8}}\qbezier( 60,45)(60 ,45)(1,30)\qbezier( 60,15)(60 , 15)(1, 30)\qbezier(17,34)(18.9,33.5)(17,30)\put(35,10){\vector(1,0){20}}\put(25,10){\vector( - 1,0){20}} \put(28,9){ \sf{D}} \put(19,32){ \sf{$ \theta$}}\put( - 2,25){\vector(0,1){8}}\put( - 2,25){\vector(0, - 1){0}}\put(62,31){\vector(0,1){12}}\put( 62,31){\vector(0, - 1){0}}\put(62,15){\vector(0,1){12}}\put( 62,15){\vector(0, - 1){0}}\put( - 7,27){ \sf{d}}\put(60,28){ \sf{CB}} \put(63,20){ \sf{y}} \put(63,35){ \sf{y}} \end{picture}

• Open Circuit :

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• Closed circuit :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1.5cm}\begin{picture}(8,2)\linethickness{0.4mm}\put(8,1){\line(1,0){0.5}}\put(10.4,1){\line(1,0){0.6}}\put(8.7,1){\line(1,0){1.2}}\put(8,1){\line(0,2){2}}\put(11,1){\line(0,3){2}}\put(8,3){\line(3,0){1.3}}\put(9.7,3){\line(3,0){1.3}}\put(8.5,0.7){\line(0,1){0.5}}\put(8.7,0.8){\line(0,1){0.3}}\put(9.7,1){\sf{\large{ \bigg(}}}\put(10.2,1){\sf{\large{ \bigg)}}}\put(9.5,3){\circle{0.4}}\put(9.4,2.9){\line(3,2){0.3}}\put(9.6,2.8){\line( - 2,3){0.2}}\put(8.1,1.1){\sf{ + }}\put(8.7,1.1){\sf{ \large{ - }}}\put(10.18,1){\circle*{0.1}}\put(8.5,0.2){\sf{ \large{Closed circuit }}}\end{picture}

• Ray Diagram :

\setlength{\unitlength}{25} \begin{picture}(10,10)\thicklines\qbezier(7,6)(8,3)(7,1) \put(1,3.5){\line(1,0){6.5}} \put(1,3.5){\line(1,0){6.5}}\put(4.5,3.5){\vector(0,1){1}}\put(4.5,4.5){\vector(1,0){1}}\put(4.5,4.5){\line(1,0){2.9}}\put(4.5,4.5){\line(1, - 1){2.8}}\put(7.4,4.5){\line( - 2, - 1){6.5}}\put(4.5,4.5){\vector(1, - 1){0.7}}\put(4.5,4.5){\vector(1, - 1){2}}\put(7.4,4.5){\vector( - 2, - 1){1}}\put(7.4,4.5){\vector( - 2, - 1){4}}\put(7.3,1.7){\line( - 1,0){5.5}}\put(1.8,3.5){\vector(0, - 1){1.8}}\put(7.3,1.7){\vector( - 1,0){3}}\put(4.4,3.1){$ \tt B $ }\put(3,3.1){$ \tt C $ }\put(1.75,3.75){$ \tt B' $ }\put(1.75,1.2){$ \tt A' $ }\put(5.25,3.1){$ \tt F $ }\put(4.4,4.75){$ \tt A $ }\put(7.5,4.7){$ \tt L $ }\put(7.7,3.25){$ \tt P $ }\put(7.4,1.5){$ \tt N $ }\put(3.125,3.5){\circle*{0.15}}\put(5.4,3.5){\circle*{0.15}}\put(7.1,5.7){\line(1, - 1){0.5}}\put(7.3,4.8){\line(1, - 1){0.5}}\put(7.4,4.1){\line(1, - 1){0.5}}\put(7.1,1.3){\line(1, - 1){0.5}}\put(7.4,2.4){\line(1, - 1){0.5}}\put(7.5,3){\line(1, - 1){0.5}}\end{picture}

• Projectile parabolic path :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\put(0,-1){\vector(0,1){5}}\put(-1,0){\vector(1,0){8}}\qbezier(0,0)(3,5)(6,-0)\multiput(3,0)(0,0.38){7}{\qbezier(0,0)(0,0)(0,0.2)}\put(3.4,1){\bf H}\put(3,-0.7){\bf R}\put(2.8,-0.6){\vector(-1,0){2.7}}\put(3.5,-0.6){\vector(1,0){2.6}}\put(0,0){\vector(1,2){1}}\put(1.1,2.3){\bf\large u}\end{picture}

• Law of Gravitation :

\setlength{\unitlength}{7mm} \begin{picture}(6,6)\thicklines\put(2,2){\circle{14}}\put(8,2){\circle{14}} \put(2,2){\circle*{0.15}} \put(8,2){\circle*{0.15}} \put(2,2){\line(1,0){6}} \put(4,2){\line( - 1,1){0.5}} \put(6,2){\line(1,1){0.5}} \put(4,2){\line( - 1, - 1){0.5}} \put(6,2){\line( 1, -1){0.5}} \put(4.5,0.7){\vector( - 1,0){2.7}} \put(5.4,0.7){\vector(1,0){2.8}}\put(4.75,0.6){$ \bf d $}\put( 3.3, - 1){ \framebox{$ \bf F = \displaystyle \dfrac{G Mm }{ d^2} $}}\end{picture}

• Parallel connection :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\multiput(0,0)(6.5,0){2}{\line(0,1){3}}\put(0,3){\line(1,0){1}}\put(5.5,3){\line(1,0){1}}\put(0,0){\line(1,0){3}}\put(3.3,0){\line(1,0){3.2}}\put(2.7,-1.8){\bf For (I)}\put(3.2,1.5){\bf R}\put(3.2,4.4){\bf R}\put(1.5,3.9){\bf I_1$}\put(1.5,2){\bf I_2$}\put(3,-0.8){\bf\large V}\qbezier(1,3)(1,3)(2.7,4)\qbezier(5.5,3)(5.5,3)(4,4)\qbezier(1,3)(1,3)(2.7,2)\qbezier(5.5,3)(5.5,3)(4,2)\multiput(2.7,4)(0.42,0){3}{\line(1, - 2){0.2}}\multiput(2.9,3.6)(0.42,0){3}{\line(2, 5){0.19}}\multiput(2.9,2.4)(0.42,0){3}{\line(1, - 2){0.2}}\multiput(2.7,2)(0.42,0){3}{\line(2, 5){0.19}}\multiput(0,1.5)(6.3,0){2}{\line(1, - 2){0.2}}\multiput( - 0.2, 1.1)(6.7,0){2}{\line(2, 5){0.19}}\put(3, - 0.3){\line(0, 1){0.6}}\put(3.25, - 0.2){\line(0, 1){0.4}}\multiput(0.4, 1.1)(6.5,0){2}{\sf{I}}\end{picture}

• Collision with wall :

\setlength{\unitlength}{0.8cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\linethickness{0.3mm}\qbezier(2.3,0)(2.121,2.121)(0,2.3)\qbezier(-2.3,0)(-2.121,2.121)(0,2.3)\qbezier(-2.3,0)(-2.121,-2.121)(0,-2.3)\qbezier(2.3,0)(2.121,-2.121)(-0,-2.3)\put(2.3,0){\vector(-1,0){2.3}}\linethickness{0.7mm}\put(2.35,-3){\line(0,1){6}}\linethickness{0.2mm}\multiput(2.35,2.8)(0,-0.25){23}{\line(1,-1){0.5}}\linethickness{0.3mm}\put(2.3,0){\vector(1,0){3}}\put(-1,-0.2){$\bf\large F_2$}\put(5.7,-0.2){$\bf\large F_1$}\put(2,-4){\bf \large Wall}\put(-0.5,-3.2){\bf\large Ball}\end{picture}

• Resistors in series :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1 cm}\begin{picture}(20,15)\thicklines\qbezier(1,1)(1,1)(1,5)\qbezier(1,1)(1,1)(3,1)\qbezier(3,0.5)(3,0.5)(3,1.5)\qbezier(3.2,0.7)(3.2,0.7)(3.2,1.3)\qbezier(3.4,0.5)(3.4,0.5)(3.4,1.5)\qbezier(3.6,0.7)(3.6,0.7)(3.6,1.3)\qbezier(3.8,0.5)(3.8,0.5)(3.8,1.5)\qbezier(4,0.7)(4,0.7)(4,1.3)\qbezier(4,1)(4,1)(11,1)\qbezier(11,1)(11,1)(11,5.1)\qbezier(1,5)(1,5)(1.6,5)\qbezier(1.6,5)(1.6,5)(1.8,5.4)\qbezier(1.8,5.4)(1.8,5.4)(2,4.8)\qbezier(2,4.8)(2,4.8)(2.2,5.4)\qbezier(2.2,5.4)(2.2,5.4)(2.4,4.8)\qbezier(2.4,4.8)(2.4,4.8)(2.6,5.4)\qbezier(2.6,5.4)(2.6,5.4)(2.8,4.8)\qbezier(2.8,4.8)(2.8,4.8)(2.9,5.1)\qbezier(2.9,5.1)(2.9,5.1)(3.5,5.1)\qbezier(3.5,5.1)(3.5,5.1)(3.7,5.4)\qbezier(3.7,5.4)(3.7,5.4)(3.9,4.8)\qbezier(3.9,4.8)(3.9,4.8)(4.1,5.4)\qbezier(4.1,5.4)(4.1,5.4)(4.3,4.8)\qbezier(4.3,4.8)(4.3,4.8)(4.5,5.4)\qbezier(4.5,5.4)(4.5,5.4)(4.7,4.8)\qbezier(4.7,4.8)(4.7,4.8)(4.8,5.1)\qbezier(4.8,5.1)(4.8,5.1)(5.5,5.1)\qbezier(5.5,5.1)(5.5,5.1)(5.7,5.4)\qbezier(5.7,5.4)(5.7,5.4)(5.9,4.8)\qbezier(5.9,4.8)(5.9,4.8)(6.1,5.4)\qbezier(6.1,5.4)(6.1,5.4)(6.3,4.8)\qbezier(6.3,4.8)(6.3,4.8)(6.5,5.4)\qbezier(6.5,5.4)(6.5,5.4)(6.7,4.8)\qbezier(6.7,4.8)(6.7,4.8)(6.8,5.1)\qbezier(6.8,5.1)(6.8,5.1)(11,5.1)\put(3,1){\vector(-1,0){1}}\put(1.9,5.8){$\sf R_1$}\put(3.9,5.8){$\sf R_2$}\put(5.9,5.8){$\sf R_3$}\put(2.1,0.5){\sf I}\put(3.4,-0.3){\sf V}\end{picture}

• Refraction through a glass slab :

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• Free fall :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\put(0,0){\line(1,0){7}}\put(1,0.03){\framebox(1,7)}\multiput(0.3,0)(0.3,0){23}{\qbezier(0,0)(0,0)(-0.3,-0.3)}\put(3,6.9){\circle*{0.5}}\put(3,6.9){\vector(0,-1){1}}\put(3.5,6.1){$\bf u=0\  m/s$}\put(0.3,3){\vector(0,-1){2.9}}\put(0.3,4.1){\vector(0,1){2.9}}\put(0.1,3.5){$\bf H$}\end{picture}

• Magnetic field lines :

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• Dispersion of light :

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• Myopic eye :

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• Far point of myopic eye :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1.2cm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\qbezier(0,1.72)(1.5,1.5)(1.67,0)\qbezier(1.67,0)(1.5,-1.5)(0,-1.72)\qbezier(0,1.72)(-1.2,1.7)(-1.7,1)\qbezier(0,-1.72)(-1.2,-1.7)(-1.7,-1)\qbezier(-1.7,1)(-2.3,0.7)(-2.3,0)\qbezier(-1.7,-1)(-2.3,-0.7)(-2.3,0)\qbezier(-1.7,1)(-2.13,0)(-1.7,-1)\qbezier(-1.7,1)(-1.15,0)(-1.7,-1)\qbezier(1.7,0)(1.7,0)(-5,0)\qbezier( - 5,0)( - 5,0)( -1.7,0.9)\qbezier(1.7,0)(1.7,0)( -1.7,0.9)\qbezier( - 5,0)( - 5,0)( -1.7, - 0.9)\qbezier(1.7,0)(1.7,0)( -1.7, - 0.9)\put(0.3,0.34){\vector(2, -1){0}}\put(0.3, -0.34){\vector( 2,1){0}}\put(0.34,0){\vector(2,0){0}}\put( -3.1,0.54){\vector(2, 1){0}}\put( - 3.1, -0.54){\vector(2, - 1){0}}\put( -3.1,0){\vector(2,0){0}}\put( -6.3, - 0.1){\sf{Far point}}\put(2, - 0.1){\sf{Retina}}\end{picture}

• Centripetal force :

\setlength{\unitlength}{1.2mm}\begin{picture}(30,30)\thicklines\qbezier(25.000,10.000)(33.284,10.000)(39.142,15.858)\qbezier(39.142,15.858)(45.000,21.716)(45.000,30.000)\qbezier(45.000,30.000)(45.000,38.284)(39.142,44.142)\qbezier(39.142,44.142)(33.284,50.000)(25.000,50.000)\qbezier(25.000,50.000)(16.716,50.000)(10.858,44.142)\qbezier(10.858,44.142)(5.000,38.284)(5.000,30.000)\qbezier(5.000,30.000)(5.000,21.716)(10.858,15.858)\qbezier(10.858,15.858)(16.716,10.000)(25.000,10.000)\put(45,30){\vector(-4,0){14}}\put(5,30){\vector(4,0){14}}\put(25,30){\circle*{1}}\put(25,9.9){\vector(0,5){13}}\put(25,50.1){\vector(0,-5){13}}\put(33,32){\sf{$\overrightarrow{F}$}}\put(45,31.5){\vector(0,5){20}}\put(5,31){\vector(0,-5){20}}\put(25,10){\vector(4,0){20}}\put(25,50){\vector(-4,0){19}}\put(17,32){\sf{$\overrightarrow{F}$}}\put(27,39){\sf{$\overrightarrow{F}$}}\put(27,20){\sf{$\overrightarrow{F}$}}\put(2,46){\sf{$\overrightarrow{v}$}}\put(0,10){\sf{$\overrightarrow{v}$}}\put(47,10){\sf{$\overrightarrow{v}$}}\put(47,50){\sf{$\overrightarrow{v}$}}\end{picture}

• Refractive index table :

\begin{array}{|c|c|} \cline {1-2}\bf Object & \bf {Refractive\:Index} \\\dfrac{\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad}{}&\dfrac{\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad}{} \\\sf Air & \sf 1.0003 \\ &\\\sf Ice & 1.31 \\ & \\ \sf Water & 1.33 \\&\\ \sf Alcohol & 1.36 \\&\\ \sf Kerosene & 1.44 \\&\\ \sf Liquefied\:  Quartz & 1.46 \\&\\ \sf Torpene-Tyne\:oil & 1.47 \\&\\ \sf Benzene & 1.50 \\&\\ \sf Crown\:Glass & 1.52 \\&\\ \sf Canada\:Balsum & 1.53 \\&\\ \sf Rock\:Salt & 1.54 \\&\\ \sf Carbon\:Di sulphate  & 1.63 \\&\\ \sf Dark\:Flint\:Glass & 1.65 \\&\\ \sf Ruby & 1.71 \\&\\ \sf Diamond & 2.42    \\ \cline {1-2}\end{array}

• Distance vs Time graph :

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• Temperature scale :

\boxed{\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}\cline{1-4}\sf Temperature &\sf Lower\:Fixed&\sf Upper\:Fixed&\sf UFP-LFP\\\sf Scale&\sf Point&\sf Point&\\\cline{1-4}\sf Celsius\:Scale&\sf 0^{\circ}C&\sf 100^{\circ}C&\sf 100\\\cline{1-4}\sf Fahrenheit\:Scale&\sf 32^{\circ}F&\sf 212^{\circ}F&\sf 180\\\cline{1-4}\sf Kelvin\:Scale&\sf 273K&\sf 373K&\sf 100\\\cline{1-4}\sf Reaumur\:Scale&\sf 0^{\circ}R&\sf 80^{\circ}R&\sf 80\\\cline{1-4}\end{array}}

• Image formed by conc. mirror :

\boxed{\begin{array}{c|c|c|c}\sf \pink{Position_{\:(object)}} &\sf \purple{Position_{\:(image)}} &\sf \red{Size_{\:(image)}} &\sf \blue{Nature_{\:(image)}}\\\frac{\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad}{}&\frac{\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad}{}&\frac{\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad\qquad}{}&\frac{\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad\qquad}{}\\\sf At \:Infinity &\sf At\: F&\sf Highly\:Diminished&\sf Real\:and\:Inverted\\\\\sf Beyond\:C &\sf Between\:F\:and\:C&\sf Diminished&\sf Real\:and\:Inverted\\\\\sf At\:C &\sf At\:C&\sf Same\:Size&\sf Real\:and\:Inverted\\\\\sf Between\:C\:and\:F&\sf Beyond\:C&\sf Enlarged&\sf Real\:and\;Inverted\\\\\sf At\:F&\sf At\:Infinity&\sf Highly\: Enlarged&\sf Real\:and\:Inverted\\\\\sf Between\:F\:and\:P&\sf Behind\:the\:mirror&\sf Enlarged&\sf Erect\:and\:Virtual\end{array}}

• Vector 3D components :

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• Resistivity table :

\boxed {\begin{array}{cc|c}{\qquad\qquad}&\sf{Object} &\sf {Resistivity (\Omega\cdot m)} \\\cline {1-3}&&\\ & \sf Silver &\sf 1.60\times 10^{-8} \\ &&\\ &\sf Copper &\sf 1.62\times 10^{-8}\\ &&\\ &\sf Aluminium &\sf 2.63\times 10^{-8} \\ &&\\\sf Metals &\sf Tongstone &\sf 5.20\times 10^{-8} \\&&\\ &\sf Nickel &\sf 6.84\times 10^{-8} \\&&\\ &\sf Iron &\sf 10.0\times 10^{-8}\\&&\\ &\sf Chromium &\sf 12.9\times 10^{-8} \\&&\\ &\sf Mercury &\sf 94.0\times 10^{-8} \\&&\\ &\sf Manganese &\sf 1.84\times 10^{-6} \\ \cline {1-3}&&\\ &\sf Constantine &\sf 49\times 10^{-6} \\ &&\\ \sf Alloy &\sf Manganese &\sf 44\times 10^{-6} \\ &&\\ &\sf Nickrome &\sf 100\times 10^{-6} \\\cline {1-3}&&\\ &\sf Glass &\sf 10^{10}-10^{14}\\&&\\ &\sf Rubber &\sf 10^{13}-10^{16} \\ &&\\ \sf Poor \:conductors &\sf Ebonight &\sf 10^{15}-10^{17} \\&&\\ &\sf Diamond &\sf 10^{12}-10^{13} \\&&\\ &\sf Paper_{(Dry)}&\sf 10^{12}\end {array}}